Article Review Essay Example

Article Review Essay The productivity of a company is strongly related to its people and its strategies. The Employees bring along a wide range of qualifications, abilities and knowledge, which might as well be useless to the company needs. Some of them identify with the company and are motivated in helping reaching goals, while others see the company as a vehicle meant to satisfy their own targets. This paper touches upon the importance of retention of the employees and human capital investment. This paper will highlight the impact of these issues based on the employee’s performance, motivation and the ultimate benefit for the organization. This discussion paper is based on a research conducted in â€Å"Telecommunication sector in Pakistan† Impact of training on employee performance and an academic journal on â€Å"Impact of employee retention on performance. † During my research I have found that organizations invest a huge capital on employee development, but due to transfer or termination of the trained staff after the training the organization could not get the return on their investment. This is because of a poor retention system of the organization. With this if those who are already employed leave the organization in high numbers the organization will suffer in response. In order to increase the productivity of the organization it is important to have an efficient labor force. Efficient labors need to create by the organization by providing them the relevant trainings they require. Thus training involves changing skills, knowledge, attitude, or behavior. Determination of the organization need, the work to be done and the skill necessary to complete this work, training program should naturally. We will write a custom essay sample on Article Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Article Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Article Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A proper system of training and learning is important for the human resource development. The learning and enhancement of knowledge of the labors creates a healthy and productive labor force. If this is proper managed by the HR then the retention of these skilled training staff will be motivated and loyal toward the organization. 1- Summarization of the Academic Journal 1 1. 1 Impact of training on employee performance This research was conducted in the telecommunication sector of in Pakistan among among the employees of five telecom companies. This was a 360 study; the information was extracted through questionnaires which were distributed among the employees. It has been observed that most organizations meet their needs for training in an ad hoc and haphazard way while others set about identifying their training needs, then design training activities in a rational manner and finally assess the results of training. The study concludes that if organizations invest in right type of employee training it can enhance employee performance as well as competencies and skills. In addition, training is seen as a useful means of coping with changes fostered by technological innovation; market competition, organizational structuring and most importantly it plays a key role to enhance employee performance. A complementary relationship was found between receiving informal training and receiving on-the-job or off-the-job training. Training generates benefits for the employee as well as for the organization by positively influencing employee performance through the development of employee knowledge, skills, ability, competencies and behavior (April, 2010). Organizations that are dedicated to generating profits for its owners, providing quality service to its customers and beneficiaries, invest in the training of its employees. The more highly motivated a trainee, the more quickly and systematically a new skill or knowledge is acquired. That is why training should be related to money, job promotion, and recognition etc, i. e. something which the trainee desires (Flippo, 1976). There are four prerequisites for learning: Motivation comes first. Cue is the second requirement. The learner can recognize related indicators (cue) and associate them with desired responses with the help of training. Response comes third. Training should be immediately followed by positive reinforcement so that the learner can feel the response. Last is the feedback; it is the information which learner receives and indicates in the quality of his response. This response must be given as quickly as possible to make sure successful learning (Leslie, 1990). Issues and recommendation 1. 2 ISSUES Organizations are installing latest technologies hardware and software to remain competitive in the global market. Same is the case with the employees they do want to improve their skills, competencies and capabilities by training programs held by the organizations. In the absence of adequate Training and development opportunities employee will feel dissatisfied and de-motivated as technology is changing rapidly and everyone wants to keep himself up-to-date according to new technology and techniques. Employees returning to work after some years caring for children or after a long break may feel anxious about the new job, even when they may have worked for the company in the past. They may feel out of touch with developments, and in need of re-establishing themselves. These are also an issue which needs to be considered. Offering training and extra help to settle in and become valuable members of the organization is an important role in human resource development. (Sultana 2012) Employees who are committed to their job assignments, they have high level of job involvement and there is a very constructive relationship between job involvement and performance. Research studies show that there is not a compulsion that the workforce who is more committed to the job is also expected to remain in the organization for the long time period. Such type of workforce is more successful and beneficial for the organization as ompared to the workforce who is not genuinely committed to the organization and remains in the organization for life If the organization fails to conduct training to the development employees, employees will not be confident enough to adopt the advancement brought into working style. The flexibility to adopt these changes will be very slow resulting a less confident, slow and inefficient labor force. The impact of this issue for the organization would be difficult to survive with the technological changes in the market and to gain a favorable market share. This could be a very harmful threat if the organization has already a large number of competitors in the market. 1. 3 RECOMONDATION I would recommend conducting training would be the best solution this will keep the employees informed regarding the changes. Organization can conduct induction program for the new recruiter. The best way for the existing hardworking labors would be to conduct on the job trainings. The employers can conduct refresher trainings quarterly. This will lead them to motivation that they are continuously learning and organization is giving them opportunities to develop themselves. The factors which influence the capacity of an employee to become competitive are the skills, intrinsic abilities and levels of motivation. An effective training and development program provides learning opportunities to the employees, develop their capabilities and competencies, polish their personality and skills and make them Confident. Developments of skills encourage employees to deal with difficulties and enhance their efficiency (Deckop et al. , 2006). This retains the employee within the organization and leads him toward higher organizational commitment and loyalty and optimum performance. In addition after training and development employee becomes more competent, and useful for the organization. Training is an important task of Human resource practices which can be used for the retention and development of employees, training and development also has a dual relationship. In the absence of adequate Training and development opportunities the employees will be lacking confidence in facing new thing in the organization. This will create and unproductive labor force by reducing the production speed by generating less quality product which leads to loss of the company. Summarization of the Academic Journal 2 2. 4 Impact of employee retention on performance This paper suggests that a retention plan is important for each organization in order to have a productive labor force. The paper further more discuss that an effective retention plan attains employee loyalty and in addition brings motivation, satisfaction and involvement in the tasks and assignments which ultimately opti mize employee performance as well as organizational productivity. Talented employees and knowledge workers are difficult to attain, expensive to train and essential to retain in the world of global competition and talent shortage. Retained employees possess high level of loyalty with the organization and perform their work task not only physically but emotionally and cognitively as well (M. Rizwan, et. al. 2011). Motivated employees focus on their end goals and attempt to achieve them; they never bother constraints and limitations (Zareen, M. , Razzaq, K. , Mujtaba, B. G. , 2013). All the employees cannot be retained by any specific compensation plan even being on the same hierarchical levels. Some employees strive for monetary rewards others want performance appraisal, some desire for authority and involvement in decision making process with their new ideas and concepts. All these types of employees should be managed and retained by different compensations plans which better fit to their psychological requirements so they feel satisfied with their needs, tend to be more effective, productive and helpful for the organization for achieving their own goals and organizational outcomes. In this paper the researcher discuss about the skilled and trained staff leave the organization if there is no retention plan retains them in the organization. And further more discuss that training is expensive, if the organization has a huge turn over than the human capital investment will not be affordable for such organization. The more the organization spends on training employees the less they gain through the productivity of the employees due to high turnover. As solution for this issue the paper has suggested to motivate the employees. Motivation is a psychological process that causes the arousal direction, and persistence of voluntary actions that are goal directed. Valued employees are very important to retain with the organization by monetary and non-monetary rewards, making them involved in decision making and by providing them opportunities for their learning and development of their capabilities. But this cannot be generalized because of the fact that different employee show different behaviors towards compensation and their loyalty cannot be achieved by any rule of thumb. Sultana, 2013) Motivation is a psychological process that causes the arousal direction, and persistence of voluntary actions that are goal directed. Employees behave in a purposive way, they tend to show positive behavior by performing work related activities timely, on the contrary they behave negatively as well when feel dissatisfied and de-motivated by their work or when they feel ignored by their top management. Human nature wants to be rewarded and praised for all positive deeds, actions and activities. Employees want to be appreciated, they wish for returns on their investment of physical emotional and cognitive energies, and all the extra efforts they did to accomplish organizational goal. 2. 1 Issues and recommendation 2. 2 ISSUES Retention of employees within the organization has become an issue of great importance in the business world of huge competition during the last few decades. If the employees within the organization are not satisfied and motivated there is high chance of losing the employees in a highly competitive market. To reduce the risk of losing the trained and experience employees the organization should have to be involved in motivating them by considering their needs. (Zareen, 2013) Due to the development of the competitive firms there are many attracting opportunity for the skilled and experienced labors, and if these employees are not happy within the organization then there is chance of losing them. If there are not retained on the job then organization losing up the investment they made to develop and train them. This will lead to a less efficient labor by less quality products. World is suffering from shortage of talent, talented workers are difficult to attain, expensive to train and highly important to retain. With this if those who are already employed leave the organization in high numbers the organization will suffer in response. Retention of employees with the organization optimizes their performance and increase organizational productivity 2. 3 RECOMMONDATION As a solution for the issues employee retention and reduce the turnover by getting the return for the investment an organization invested to training and development their employees, I would suggest to keep the employees motivated. Motivation is the next stage of satisfaction and necessary for the long term goals of the organization. An effective reward system can retain the employees but an ineffective reward system leads them to higher turnover (Hafiza, N. S. , et. al. 2011) the decision of effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the reward system can only be taken according the psychological. Motivating the employees can help to increase the performance of the employees resulting with numerous benefits to the organization. Motivation will help to retain the employees within the organization. In order to retain the staff the management can come up with a successful retention plan. Since employees of the organization are viewed as an asset of the organization it is very important to identify the purpose of labor in an organization, and to facilitate them to perform their task. Therefore it is no doubt that human resource development has a very huge connection with the performance of the employees. An efficient labor force would be able to generate high profit to the organization. And also will help to provide quality products. Therefore performance of the employees determines the level development of skills and competency is required to perform the job 3- Conclusion Training is a key element for improved performance; it can increase the level of individual and organizational competency. It helps to reconcile the gap between what should happen and what is happening between desired targets or standards and actual levels of work performance. Training need is any shortfall in employee performance, or potential performance which can be remedied by appropriate training. There are many ways of overcoming deficiencies in human performance at work, and training is one of them. To fully capture the value training can provide, organizations should develop a training plan that matches user preferences to training modalities and training needs. The training plan should include an instrument to measure the return on investment in categories such as productivity gains, reduced equipment usage, reduced product failure, improved customer service, compliance, increased employee morale/retention and revenue gains. Human resource development plays a very important role in development of the employees. They facilitate them to learn and develop them self. This help to produce committed employees who work to achieve the organizational goals. These employees will be motivated which leads to quality performance by increasing the organization revenue. These motivated employees will loyal towards the organization and this will help to retain them in the organization. Losing a trained and experience staff will be a huge lose for the organization. The human capital investment process will be carried thought the organization life. But with this process the management should have to make sure that the return o this investment is being gained through quality performance by the employees. If this is process is overlooked them the company is waiting the money. Reference Dennis, M. C. (n. d. ). http://www. coveringcredit. com/business_credit_articles/Credit_Management/art204. shtml. Retrieved 06 20, 2013, from www. coveringcredit. com: http://www. coveringcredit. com/business_credit_articles/Credit_Management/art204. html Leaser, D. (2012). Value of training . In D. Leaser, Value of training (p. 14). New york : Copyright IBM Corporation 2008. Riley, J. (2012, Sept 23). http://www. tutor2u. net/business/gcse/people_motivation_introduction. htm.

malkovich and steppenwolf essays

malkovich and steppenwolf essays In 1976, John Malkovich joined Chicagos Steppenwolf Theatre. His friend Gary Sinise founded the Steppenwolf theatre. Although not officially established until 1976, Steppenwolf began performing plays informally in a church basement in Highland Park under the leadership of Terry Kinney, Jeff Perry, and Gary Sinise. John Malkovich got his first film experience as an extra in Robert Altmans 1978 feature Wedding. A. Seven years later Malkovich showed up in New York and won an Obie in the play True West. He then went on to appear with Dustin Hoffman in the Broadway revival of Death of a Salesman and won an Emmy after it was made into a Television Movie the following year. Malkovichs box office debut came in Places in the Heart in 1984 where he earned an Academy Award Nomination for best supporting actor. After appearing in several more movies his next big movie was Dangerous Liaisons in 1988 that featured Michelle Pfeiffer and Glen Close. During his run of big screen acting, Malkovich pe riodically returned to Chicago to both act and direct. Malkovich was listed as one of twelve Promising New Actors of 1984 in John Willis Screen World, Vol. 36. Malkovich received his education at Eastern Illinois University and Illinois State University. While at Illinois State he was told by the head of the theatre department that he would not have a career as an actor and his name does not appear anywhere at the University. John Malkovich is an intense actor who came to Hollywood after an exceptional career in theatre. At Steppenwolf, Malkovich directed and performed some of Americas most vital noncommercial stage productions. In 1992, he played a marvelous role in Of Mice and Men as Lennie that I have seen and enjoyed. Of Mice and Men costarred and was directed by Gary Sinise. Malkovich is making a return to Steppenwolf for the 2005 season. Malkovichs last appearance at the Chicago Company he gave star-l...

Social Media Investigations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social Media Investigations - Assignment Example Social media is a significant model representing an absolute exercise of the fourth amendment law by every citizen in America. Social media uses personal information on individual accounts as a means to create a satisfactory interface dimension in the modern society. Personal information provided on social media helps to reconnect with friends and family members. The social media faces intense challenges from official investigations by various governments. The American government uses social media to assemble evidence on possible suspects. Social media also acts as a central podium for identifying a given criminal’s location Brunty, Helenek & Miller, 2013). The federal government monitors social media and uses the identified details in a misconstrued manner. This case shows a violation of the fourth amendment that protects citizens against unreasonable search. The law also protects individuals from the seizure of personal information without warrants. Professor Semitsu’s perspective on the need to regulate government violations justifies the rising arbitrary search by law enforcement. The intrusion by the government shows misguided behavior on individual privacy. The discussion on social media invasion draws the justification from the provision in the fourth act (Kessler, 2010). The provision condemns the use of evidence obtained against such arbitrary searches or seizure of personal effect. Citizens should enjoy constitutional provisions of social networking without disturbance. The invasion by law enforcement agencies defines a dictatorial status as a ruling definition by any government. Asking social media’s legal department for personal records without a warrant is similar to a seizure of documents and personal effects.

Emergence of Modern Political Ideologies Research Paper

Emergence of Modern Political Ideologies - Research Paper Example Karl Marx argues for the uprising of a group he calls the proletariat, which is essentially the working class, and which is against the factory owners, a group he calls the bourgeoisie. This group also consists of the industrialists and the landlords who, through regulations of both the prices of commodities and rent, continually oppressed the laborers. According to Marx, this problem was not one that was compatible with capitalism and that the only way it could be solved was through communism (Marx 14). Marx postulates that the bourgeoisie has exploited the proletariats in search of cheap labor that denies the country self-sufficiency. The bourgeoisie will then look for labor from other poorer countries so that they can lower production cost. The increased demand for raw materials in the foreign countries brings about industrialization in that country which in turn nurtures a breed of both the bourgeoisie and proletariat as the rich want to exploit the poor for profits (Marx 13). Li beralization This is a very common ideology that sprouted after the industrial revolution. It was supposedly about the enjoyment of individual freedom of every individual in the society and the fact that the minority were free to air their ideas without being coerced (Mill 6). They would be allowed to speak out of their thoughts, speech, and even take or participate in the action, as long as they brought no harm to other people. After industrialization, people engaged in numerous economic activities.

Government economic policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Government economic policy - Essay Example This paper describes main economic objectives set by different governments all over the world and the its economic policies carried out by them to guide the economy towards achieving these objectives. The policies of governments can be referred to as macroeconomic policy while the policies of smaller entities like business organizations are called micro economic policies. Both these sets of economic policies have a dynamic relationship with each other and affect each other significantly. Both these sets of economic policies have a dynamic relationship with each other and affect each other significantly. There are four economic objectives that are espoused as standard. These are: full employment or stated low unemployment; stability of prices; rate of economic growth, determined by the government; and the maintaining of the Balance of Payments in equilibrium. In its simplest form full employment measures those who are employed out of those who are employable.The attraction in full employment as an economic objective is the potential it provides to maximize production while leading to enhance standards of living. The reverse side of the coin is that it reduces economic and thereby social dysfunctions. Managing inflation to an acceptable level is the objective of price stability. In recent times there are other objectives that have been added on to the macro economy and they have to do with the management of the social and natural spheres through macroeconomic policy. One such an objective is ensuring a more equal distribution of wealth in society and the second is the managing of the environment to ensure that economic activity does not adversely affect the environment ... It also makes sound decision making and allocation of resources more tedious. Inflation is measured as the annual rate of change of the Retail Price Index (RPI). When inflation is kept low prices remain stable, which augurs well for all governments. The next objective refers to economic growth. It is deemed as attractive when the rate is both high and can be sustained. The measure used is the rate of change of countries Gross Domestic Product. The effect of inflation has to be negated for it to be an acceptable measure therefore what’s measured is real GDP, which is GDP with the effect of inflation negated. The final of the four traditional objectives is the maintenance of the balance of payments equilibrium. This could also be called maintenance of external stability, which in turn ensures confidence in the international markets of a countries economy. Managing the foreign debt of a country does this. In recent times there are other objectives that have been added on to the m acro economy and they have to do with the management of the social and natural spheres through macro economic policy. One such objective is ensuring a more equal distribution of wealth in society and the second is the managing of the environment to endure that economic activity does not adversely affect the environment like the depletion of resources to levels where it cannot be replenished or pollution. Economic policy actions can vary from manipulation of interest rates by a central finance authority such as the Federal Reserve, regulating the expenditure of governments, taxes as well as interventions such as property rights of private individuals. An example of such

Approaches to Manpower Planning Process in Construction

Approaches to Manpower Planning Process in Construction Introduction Man power planning is concerned with coordinating, motivating and controlling of the various activities of the people within the organisation. An effective manpower planning requires a careful assessment of the future needs of the organisation and it is a procedure used in organisation to balance future requirements for all levels of employee with the availability of such employees. Manager has to reasonably predict future events and plan out the production. The plans need to be supported by all the members of the organisation. Managers are required to estimate the business needs of the organisation and plan for the resources needed to realise the business goals. Manpower Planning Process The process of man power planning is reviewing current resources, predicting future requirements and ensuring that the demand and supply of people and skills is balanced. With understaffing, the organisation loses projects, economies of specialisation and scale and profits. Overstaffing results in losses in terms of salaries and competence. Analyse existing manpower in the Organisation Personnel planning begin with a clear understanding of the current Personnel situation in the company. An analysis of current employment categories, the number of employee currently in post, knowledge and skills available of them are important steps in the manpower planning. An assessment of the training development potential of existing employees and analysis employee turnover rate in the organisation also include the process. Forecast future requirements of manpower Forecasting is typically anticipates future staffing requirements. Strategies are formulated to not only anticipate their needs over time, but to consider optimal solutions for the long term and under challenging economic conditions. Organisations with a plan in place, and a keen understanding of their long-range objectives, may instead decide to weather the economic changes and keep trained, talented, and dedicated staff in place for the inevitable business uptrend. Job Analysis Job analysis is the process of studying and collecting information relating to the operations and responsibilities of a specific job. The immediate products of this analysis are job description and job specification. Before the recruitment takes place it is essential to determine, the duties, responsibility and requirement of a particular job and relationship with other jobs and positions within the organisational hierarchy. 3.4.0 Job evaluation Job evaluation is an attempt to determine and compare demands, which the normal performance of a particular job makes on normal workers without taking into account the individual abilities or performance of the workers concerned. The aim of job evaluation is to determine systematically a jobà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s relative worth. It is a formal and systematic comparison of jobs to determine the worth of one job relative to another and eventually results in a wage or salary hierarchy. 3.5.0 Recruitment and Selection Employee recruitment forms a major part of an organisations overall resourcing strategies, which identify and secure people needed for the organisation to survive and succeed in the short to medium term. Recruitment and selection are usually considered as one process. Recruitment needs to be carefully planned in order to attract the right type of applicant. Ultimately, this increases the chances of making a suitable selection and appointment. Recruitment activities need to be responsive to the ever increasingly competitive market to secure suitably qualified and capable recruits at all levels. To be effective these initiatives need to include how and when to source the best recruits internally or externally. 3.6.0 Training and Development of Employee After the recruitment and selection of an employee, is to provide the employee training and development facilities. New employee usually, is not fully fit at the time of procurement some training is always essential. The organisation, along with the individual, is responsible for training for specific jobs or positions according to their level. Development can occur formally or informally, as people grow and learn to adapt by using their education and training. Training programmes will be based upon extent of diversification, expansion plans, development programmes etc. Training programmes depend upon the extent of improvement in technology and advancement to take place. It is also done to improve upon the skills, capabilities, knowledge of the workers. 4.0.0 Barriers of Manpower Planning and Practical solutions Manpower planning is a key to successful management practises, which is link to business strategies of the organisation. However, there are some problems with manpower planning both short term as well as long term. 4.1.0 Economy Downturn For example, according to various sources, in the past recent years there was a boom at UAE, more development projects, infrastructure projects and real estate project was stared. The sharp increase in construction, along with other key factors, has meant the industry was seeing a lack of skilled construction staff. The demand for certain categories of employees and skill is also influenced by changes in social structure in an economy. Firms employing in construction have greatly enhanced the worth of technicians, surveyors and engineers during the last couple of years. In contrast the present climate of economic and labour market in UAE is downturn therefore Companies operating in fields compel to reduce their workforce due to high competition and short of new construction and development projects. This type of economy changes is occurring confusion of proper manpower planning. Solution The huge boom of construction and development field in UAE now over, while the present it going to down little by little but various source of news says [TopNews Arab Emirates] it expect to recover in near future. The boom time there was shortage of skill workman like Engineers, surveyor and Technicians in the firms but now excess. In some situations even after implementing some of the above cost saving initiatives, redundancies can still become inevitable and this can pose significant challenges for an employer as many complex issues need to be addressed including legal, labour union, compensation, natural turnover of workers of the company and future economic changes of the region. The practical way to approach the current situation is to preparation of well designed profile of employees of organisation. It will help to identify employeeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s information not directly related to on the job skills and performance. The overall profile of the workforce generated is a vital aid to management decision making on things like redundancy. It can highlight impending problems, such as the retirement of employees, and the need for fresh recruitment training and developments. And it will help to analyse the sort of workforce envisaged at the end of the exercise, the utility of retraining, redeployment and transfers, what the appropriate recruitment levels might be. Such an analysis can be presented to senior managers so that the cost benefit of various methods of reduction can be assessed, and the time taken to meet targets established. 4.2.0 Changes in Technology Past years of time, the technology changes are more rapid and pervasive than ever before in the context of the organisation and its interface with the environment. Such changes in technology make manpower planning redundant or obsolete and ineffective. For example, Speed house group of companies [http://www.speedhouse.com/about-us.htm] well reputed House Construction Company in UAE recently utilisation of advance computer base systems to design such as current and future programme needs, home schedule and budget constructions to give facility for their customers. Utilisation of advanced technology is generally accompanied by less demand for low skilled workers and more demand for knowledgeable workers. Computerisation programs for office work and modern machinery in construction sites may reduce demand in some job categories (eg. clerks, book keepers and who had less knowledge to operate the computer prgrammes) while increasing it in another like workers with sound knowledge to opera ting modern high-tech tools and computer base programms. High technology with all its attendant benefits may compel organisations to go lean and downsize workforce suddenly. Employment planning under such situations becomes complicated. Solution Rapid changes in technology are cause serious mismatches between the jobs that are available and the number of people with the necessary skills to fill those jobs. In addition, rising levels of education have brought with them rising expectations among employees at all level. Some jobs are held by individuals who have more advanced skills or training than is needed. Sometimes the task can be done by a lower-level worker, rather than, an example is university educated employee. The manager should bring this situation to the attention that has the authority to make the necessary changes and thus relieve what seems to be a skills shortage. In addition, redesign job will help to reducing boredom and monotony, and increasing comfort, often increases productivity. As a result, positions for which skills are in short supply may not require more personnel, as more productive and skilled individuals produce more. 4.3.0 Workforce in and out fluxes within the Organisation Demands of workers are influence the internal in and out fluxes of the employee through retirement, termination, resignation, leaves and absence etc. This factors are effect how much workers will be required given work of different type of employee and the expected volume of business activity. Solution Economy downturn is occurring less demanding labour market in the region. The company might have excess workforce but still labour turnover creates unnecessary expense and reduces efficiency to the firms. When a manager identifies high turnover in a specific department, the quality of training and supervision in that department should be looked into. As a part of the human resources function, the manager would contribute to the decision on what steps should be taken to remedy the turnover situation, such as training, pay and incentive improvements, and the like. Perhaps company may have shortage of skill workers in some departments. The best practical way to approach this situation if present is to look within the organisation among its workers first. Until and unless the opening is not related to immensely diversified field of which the existing workforce might not posse requisite skills and the cost of training may be working out to be high. It is easier to go in for an internal source for recruitment. Becourse it is cost saving in many ways to utilize what is already available to the organisation and for instance are there imbalances where transferring people would avoid redundancy problems and solve recruitment one. In addition moving people between regions becomes nearly impossible when individuals canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t get new mortgages or sell their existing homes. Alternatives to consider include focusing on accommodation or other essential facilities what they need or new recruiting area to a reasonable commuting distance. 4.4.0 Organisational Decision and Planning Process Organisational decision and planning processes seek to address the implications that a change in one input can have on the corresponding output. The evaluation and process evaluation that comprises part of the change management approach seeks to measure and anticipate the effect strategic decisions will have on company resources and labour. For example, ready-mix concrete Supply Company in UAE expects higher demand for their products in next couple of years. Likewise, if they try to venture into other lucrative fields such as supplying precast concrete product. For instance, the effect of the economy downturn in UAE, whereby product demand in the short term were low, downsizing staffs of organisation structures were the trend. The sudden changes in market conditions will obviously affect the demand for labour in general or for particular skills. Even proposed expansion, contraction or diversifications of the organisationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s activities are complicating the man power pr ocess. Solution Manpower plan need to account the rest of the organisational plan, sales and production forecast and new venture to be more accurate. Estimating changes in product or service demand is basic forecasting concern, as it anticipating changes in national or regional economics. Furthermore, where plans are changed, the effect of the changes must be estimated. This may be estimated by market research, competitive analysis, trends in technological advances and so on. 5.0.0 Why should know Manpower Planning? The human resources are the most valuable asset of any organisation as they contribute to the realization of its business objectives. It is the human resources who contribute their time and expertise to the welfare of their organisation. Thus, the process of manpower planning and staffing is crucial to the business development of an organisation. The future Managers should know and follow the Manpower planning and it techniques to take the proper decision for their organisation. So then, it will ensure optimum use of available human resources and creates healthy atmosphere of encouragement and motivation in the organisation. The good manpower planning generates facilities to educate people in the organisation and opens possibility for workers for future promotions, thus providing incentive. If Manpower Planning techniques are ignored, decisions will still be taken, but without the benefit of understanding their implications. For example graduate recruitment numbers will be set in ignorance of demand, or management succession problems will develop unnoticed. It is surely better if decision makers follow this maxim in the way they make and execute resourcing plans. 6.0.0 Conclusion Employee resourcing is a wider issue than recruitment and selection. In this report is discussed the approaches to manpower planning process in construction oriented business with consist of series of activities such as determining current manpower or situation of the organisation, forecasting future demand and supply, Job analysis, Job evaluation recruitment and selection, training and development of employees in the organisation. In addition this report is explored the barriers that exist the proper manpower planning in the organisation with discussion of essential practical solutions. Discussion includes redundancy, employee training and development, proper movements of employee within the organisation that determine the extent of organisation performance, competence and ability to cope with dynamic forces of completion in business environment.

Comparing Atticus to Jake Essay

To Kill a Mockingbird,? and Jake Brigance, the leading man of ? A Time to Kill,? are both brave, determined lawyers. Though they share some similar techniques in the way they defend their clients, overall their methods as lawyers are quite different. In the courtroom, Atticus? qualities are the same as they are in his everyday life. He takes being a lawyer seriously, and sees it as a calling, rather than a job. He is an experienced lawyer, and uses cross examination to discover that Bob Ewell was left handed, and that Tom Robinson? left arm was unusable ? both crucial pieces of evidence for his case. Jake, on the other hand, is young and inexperienced. Near the beginning of the case, Jake says to Carl Lee, ? We’re going to lose this case, Carl lee. There are no more points of law to argue here. I want to cop a plea, maybe Buckley will cop us a second degree murder and we can get you just life in prison.? He was given assistance by his mentor, Lucius, and used his methods, rath er than his own. However, as it came to the end of the film, Jake learned how to successfully defend Carl Lee on his own. He connected with the jury, realising what would help him win the case. ?Can you see her? Her raped, beaten, broken body soaked in their urine, soaked in their semen, soaked in her blood, left to die. Can you see her? I want you to picture that little girl. Now imagine she’s white.? Atticus? characteristics remain generally constant throughout the book, but he was swayed a little by his sister? s input. He maintained his dignity, even when Bob Ewell spat in his face, saying, ? So if spitting in my face and threatening me saved Mayella Ewell one extra beating, that’s something I’ll gladly take. He had to take it out on somebody and I’d rather it be me than that houseful of children out there.? This persecution is also an example of Atticus being linked to the theme of prejudice in the story. Jake develops dramatically throughout the film. Over time he learned to accept help from Ellen Roark, instead of being proud, and showed self control when tempted by her. He tried to create a true friendship with Carl Lee, and learned to find his own witnesses for the case, instead of relying on his mentor. Jake? family are the most important thing to him, and were the main reason he took the case. ?When I look at her though, I cannot help but think about Tonya,? he said of his young daughter; he didn? t want the same thing to happen to her. He also didn? t compromise his marriage when given the chance. He speaks of truth and from his heart, questioning the courtroom, ? What is it in us that seeks the truth? Is it our minds or is it our hearts Jake also believed in the death pena lty; therefore he was probably not a Christian. Atticus, however, was a brave Christian man with moral values. He was polite and humble, and saw everyone as equals. Scout said of her father, ? It was times like these when I thought my father, who hated guns and had never been to any wars, was the bravest man who ever lived.? Atticus shows that he is above the people of Maycomb when he took Tom Robinson? s case, rather than sharing their racist feelings. However, he still respected their choice; ? They’re certainly entitled to think that, and they’re entitled to full respect for their opinions†¦ ut before I can live with other folks I’ve got to live with myself. The one thing that doesn’t abide by majority rule is a person’s conscience.? Even when he and his family were deemed as outcasts, he didn? t drop his case. He discouraged his children? s prejudiced attitude towards Boo and the other Radleys, because he chose not to believe the rumours that were spread around Maycomb. Jake opposed the rapists? racist and prejudiced attitude towards Negroes and women. He was not dispirited by the behaviours of the jury and injustice of the court system, or manipulated by the KKK. At the end of the film, Jake breaks through and forms a friendship with Carl Lee when he shows him that he cares by taking his family to Carl Lee? s house for a barbeque. Both Atticus and Jake show great character throughout ? To Kill a Mockingbird? and ? A Time to Kill.? While Jake develops significantly during the film, ? A Time to Kill,? Atticus does not develop much throughout ? To Kill a Mockingbird? ; however, he was already a humble, courageous man in the beginning of the story. Both men stick up for what they believe in, and are not swayed by the thoughts and opinions of the townspeople where they live. During his ordeal, Atticus shows greater character than Jake did, because he takes the case more seriously and with dignity. He remains calm, even when things are hard for him. Jake, on the other hand, feels the need to send his family away so that he doesn? t have to worry about them. The reason he took the case in the beginning was because for selfish reasons; because of his feeling of guilt, and not wanting the same thing to happen to his young daughter – rather than taking the case only out of the kindness of his heart, as Atticus did.

How is tension created in ‘The tell tale hearts’ and ‘The black cat’? Essay

In this essay I am going to study the short stories ‘the black cat’ and ‘the tell tale heart’ written by famous writer Edgar Allen Poe and see how tension is created in the two tales. Both tales are written in a gothic horror genre and Poe’s intention for this was to chill and unsettle the reader, to make them anticipate what was going to happen next, as if it was really happening. Poe succeeds in doing this by the content of the tales, partly being the supernatural and the tension he creates, which plays a major role in both. He creates this tension by using several different techniques including plot, characterisation and many stylistic devices. One way that Poe creates tension is the plot of the story and where is it set. ‘The tell tale heart’ is set in the middle of nowhere and late at night, when it is dark outside. This automatically makes the reader uneasy, as nighttime and darkness is symbolic of dark and bad deeds. Poe mentions more than once that it is set ‘about midnight’ and that it is dark, ‘black as pitch’, he keeps reminding the reader of this, as he knows it is symbolic and the reader will be wary of this. Criminals will often act upon this time, as they are more likely to get away with the crime, as they cannot be seen as easily. People are most wary of little things, sounds and sights like shadows in the dark and will be on edge. Darkness and nighttime are famously scary and unsafe, portrayed in novels and films as when everything bad happens and now is the stereotypical view. The darkness seems like a disability, vision is not fully available, and the brain starts so wander as to if anything could be round the corner, lurking, waiting because almost certainly people will feel that something bad is going to happen. The stories are written in first person narrative, which makes the reader feel as though they are in the story, involved personally, and is made to feel what the narrator feels. From the very beginning of the tales the reader gets an idea of what kind of stories they are going to be and may feel uneasy as Poe makes it clear that the narrator is mad. The narrator speaks informally and repeatedly says things that make it obvious he is not sane. Firstly, they start by telling you that they are not mad, no matter what we may think. In ‘The tell tale heart’ Poe writes ‘You fancy me mad. Madmen know nothing’ and in ‘The black cat’, ‘Mad indeed would I be to expect it†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ ‘Yet mad I am not’ this is affective, as it seems as though the narrator doesn’t quite believe it himself, and is trying to convince himself that he is not mad, and will put the reader on edge as they don’t know what to expect from this kind of character. Also, in ‘The black cat’ it says ‘yes, even in this felon’s cell’ which means that he is in jail, awaiting trial and prosecution. This will reinforce the reader’s doubts about the man as it informs them once again that he has done wrong. ‘The black cat’ is the story of the murder of a defenceless animal, which was killed by the person who once loved it more than anything. The cat was the narrators ‘favourite pet and playmate’ he says and he loved having pets, ‘never was so happy as when feeding and caressing them’. So it comes as a shock to the reader when he starts to mis-treat them, ‘not only neglected, but ill-used them’ spurred on by his irrational behaviour and mood swings, caused by his addiction to alcohol ‘for what disease is like Alcohol!’. ‘deliberately cut one of its eyes from the socket!’ shows the extent of how the alcohol has affected him, and the reader will feel as though they cannot trust his actions because of this which causes tension and they will be on edge as they don’t know what to expect next. Just before he kills his cat he says ‘And then came, as if to my final and irrevocable overthrow, the spirit of PERVERSENESS.’ This shows that he is aware that he is not himself, which adds more tension to the story, as he did nothing to stop it. Poe wrote the word perverseness in bold, capital letters on purpose, to show the reader that it is important in the story, he is doing all these bad things because he isn’t completely sane, so the reader will anticipate the mans every move. ‘The tell tale heart’ is the story of how a man murders another, and the only motive we are given for this is the old mans eye. The narrator describes this eye as ‘the eye of a vulture’, which is not normal and projects an image into the readers mind. He keeps referring to the eye, ‘Evil Eye’ so the reader is aware how much it troubles him, like he is obsessed with it, which is not the sign of a sane man. The narrator then continues to say how he carefully planned the man’s murder, all the precision involved, ‘I opened it- you cannot imagine how stealthily, stealthily- until, at length a simple dim ray’, yet again this shows the reader that he is not normal, and will cause the reader to feel not trust his actions and to see that he is unpredictable. Most tension is built towards the end of the tale, when the police arrive and the man seems surprisingly calm. ‘I smiled, – for what had I to fear?’ shows us that he is mad, any normal person would be very nervous and on edge when the police came. Tension is built here, as the reader doesn’t know what is going to happen, whether he will continue his act and get away with the murder, or he will trip up somehow and all will be revealed, whatever happens the reader will anxiously await. Once again we are reminded that the narrator is mad when he starts hearing a noise, ‘a low, dull, quick sound’ which only he could hear. Clearly he was imagining it, perhaps spurred on by a secret guilty conscience, the reader knows that he is struggling with mental instability and may feel tense as they don’t know what his next actions will be, he is unpredictable, but also the reader may feel sorry for him. In both tales tension is built because of the killing of the vulnerable, ‘The black cat’ looks at the killing of a cat and ‘The tell tale heart’ is the murder of a man. Neither of them did anything wrong to deserve what they got so it seems inhumane and unfair for the narrator to have done it. It shows that the killer is not a nice person, as no normal person would kill innocent animals/people so the reader doesn’t have many expectations of the man and would wonder what else could possibly happen in the two tales. I think however, that Poe’s stylistic devices add the most tension to the tales, the combination of punctuation and sentence length. He uses dashes in the middle of sentences in his work to add tension, to make them moment’s stand out from the rest of the text. ‘There was noting to wash out- no stain of any kind -no blood spot whatever’ is an example of this in ‘The tell tale heart’, where Poe is trying to emphasise the point, so the reader will take more notice of it. ‘It was a black cat -a very large one -fully as large as Pluto’ is an example of this from ‘The black cat’; yet again it shows that Poe is trying to get the reader to notice the point he is making. Poe also uses explanation marks to describe the tone and when the narrator in ‘The black cat’ says, ‘so much of insufferable wo! Alas!’ it shows clearly that he is hysterical and is in growing discomfort. The pace of the tales change. Poe uses short sentences to speed up the pace, which adds a considerable amount of tension. ‘There was no pulsation, he was stone dead his eye would trouble me no more.’ Poe writes in ‘The tell tale hearts’ which is very affective to the reader. They stand out from the long descriptive ones and therefore make more of a mark on the reader. They are also easier to take in as they are very short, and more then two short sentences in a row makes the pace increase which, yet again builds more tension. Poe’s use of dashes and commas also break up the long sentences, which makes it easier to digest what is written and readers await what is going to happen, as it is building up a picture gradually. ‘In the black cat’ Poe writes ‘from within the tomb!- by a cry, at first muffled and broken, like the sobbing of a child, and then quickly†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ which is very effective. When reading, the reader will have read it faster and faster rushing to get to the end of the sentence, to reach its climax. In conclusion, Poe succeeds in his aim, to chill and unsettle the reader, by building tension in different aspects. He does this by writing the tales in first person narrative, where the man is obviously mad, therefore untrustworthy, although the reader is inclined to feel what he feels. Also the content of the stories creates tension, the killing of defenceless and vulnerable mammals is clearly a bad thing to do so the reader know the narrator isn’t very nice. It is also discomforting to the reader to know that a human is capable of doing such things. Setting ‘The tell tale hearts’ in the nighttimes is stereotypical for bad things happening so the reader will automatically be aware that something bad is going to happen and introducing witchcraft in ‘The black cat’ adds to the tension as witchcraft is very mysterious and un natural. Poe’s use of short sentences, commas and dashes also build up tension as they break up the story, make it easier to take in and build up the pace in which the story is read. I think that Poe’s unique writing style make both the stories very affective and compliment the genre he writes to. I think that if his work were ever transferred onto screen then it wouldn’t be as effective, as stories leave more to the imagination and I don’t think that anyone would be able to create the same tense atmosphere as Poe does in his stories, which would discredit his name. Both the stories were written more than 100 years ago, in 1843. They are so old that when they were written no other genre of story like it was around at the time. They were original for the time they were written and set the standard for future writers. Poe invented this new genre and his writing skills and techniques form scratch and were the first chilling, gothic horror stories ever written, which adds to the reason of why they are so effective. Because no one had ever read anything like it before, and in a scense the stories were ahead of the time because of the effect they had. Poe’s work is popular worldwide and still his stories of this genre appear chilling as they are written in a old style that is not used as much today, but this is effective and one knows that they would have had even more impact at the time they were written.

Falkland Wars essays

Falkland Wars essays The history of the islands of the Falklands dates back to 500 years from today. The island has been a matter of utmost controversy, especially in the 18th century. Many nations have claimed their right to the island including the British, Argentines, French as well as the Spaniards. The Falkland Islands are located in the South of the Atlantic Ocean, more than two hundred and ninety miles east from the coast of the South American mainland[1]. The European nations which have been at constant wars at sea have been in a continuous conflict over the authority of different colonies or islands. This has been a routine since a number of years. However, due to the existence of numerous powers in the time, treaties were normally signed in order to settle disputes or conflicts. These treaties were clearly defined and they either transferred the ownership of the land back to the previous owner or transferred to the conquering nation. It majorly depended on the power of the nations at that particular time. The history of the Falkland Islands has been somewhat similar to this. John Davis, a British explorer has been known to be the 1st to set sail towards the islands. However, he initially set out to name some other land in the name of the British. On his way through, he sighted the Falkland Islands in 1592[2]. However, John Strong landed on the islands in 1690 and named the islands in the name of the treasurer of the navy at the time, Viscount Falkland. Strong sailed on after exploring the island. However, the history of the island has been known to remain vacant after that until the French set sail over them. The French initially discovered a colony in the East of the Falkland, at Port Louis in 1764[3]. The same year, the British explorer by the name of John Byron managed to establish a castle at the north of the West of the Falkland. This is when Byron claimed the island in the name of the Bri...

Fiji Water Essays

Fiji Water Essays Fiji Water Essay Fiji Water Essay FIJI Water has late been accused of greenwashing. Greenwashing is a term that is used to depict companies that mislead their consumers into believing that they are an environmentally safe company. With the menace of planetary warming due to greenhouse gases. many people have become highly sensitive to companies that aren’t making their portion to maintain the universe a great topographic point to populate for 1000s of old ages to come. This has caused jobs for FIJI Water because their concern is successful merely if they are able to acquire consumers to purchase their H2O even though they aren’t an environmentally friendly company. Fiji. an island located in the center of the Pacific Ocean. has to transport bottled H2O 5. 500 stat mis to the United States. which produces 216. 000. 000 lbs of nursery gases per trip. This has a immense impact on the environment and therefore has led to many environmentalists onslaughts due to FIJI Water’s claim to travel C negative. FIJI Water promised to cut down their packaging by 20 per centum per twelvemonth. supply at least 50 per centum of the energy used at its workss with renewable energy. optimized logistics and utilize more carbon-efficient transits manners. restore degraded grasslands in Fiji. and back up recycling plans for fictile bottles. They claimed that this would hold a net decrease of C in the ambiance. and used the slogan every bead is green to typify that their company wasn’t making any injury to the environment. : While they promised this and created a web site to demo that they were traveling C negative. there were no Numberss to turn out that they really accomplished what they intended to make. I wholly agree with the environmentalists that they are greenwashing because it’s difficult to believe that a company exporting 90 per centum of their merchandises to topographic points that are 1000s of stat mis off and breathe a ton of nursery gases would be able to be carbon negative. Some companies don’t acquire caught for their greenwashing. but when it’s wholly obvious it’s difficult to gull clients. particularly environmentalists.

Determining Causes and Effects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Determining Causes and Effects - Essay Example Every since 2000, incidentally when China joined the WTO, the U.S. has been hit by manipulative Chinese policies which means that Chinese exports of auto parts have increased 900 percent and the U.S. is a major importer of these parts (See figure 1). The reason American automobile industries rely so heavily on the Chinese auto parts market is because the Chinese ones are much cheaper, plain and simple, a feat achieved by the Chinese central and local governments heavily subsidizing its industries for the past decade. These subsidies are direct and indirect such as low-cost or free land and infrastructure, below-cost industrial inputs such as steel and glass, and electricity provided at less than the cost of generation. Despite the fact that these subsidies have been declared illegal by the WTO (Anderson, 2012), China’s auto parts industry and consequently its balance of payments continue to thrive at the expense of the honest practice of their American counterparts. Another im portant factor in Chinese products appearing cheaper than American ones is that China is notorious for employing the most staunch currency manipulation policies so that its exports remain competitively prices as compared to American and European counterparts. This means that China artificially gives its currency a lower face value so that when converted they appear to be lower in terms of American dollars (or any other currency for that matter) and so their goods seem more appealing to the public. In fact, the disparity achieved by the artificially valued Renminbi is believed to be as much as 25 – 30%. That means Chinese exports appear 25 - 30% cheaper than they would have been otherwise in the global markets if these currency manipulations were not in place. Thus, many American businesses and industries rely on China (instead of their own local) auto parts industries. Figure 1 One other aspect involved in this tilting of the balance towards China is the fact that in China th e industries receive great support from many estates of the country. That is to say, in the auto industry, rare earth elements and provided to Chinese exporters and low cost and also, capital cost is also kept artificially low as investors and exporters are allowed to borrow from government-owned banks on sub-market rates, sometimes even given a waiver on their loans. Thus, their production cost is greatly reduced making them competitive in the foreign market. But China is not the only party to blame in this auto parts fiasco, a great part of the burden also goes on the American industries that instead of condemning, actively encourage and endorse the Chinese’ disregard of fair trade practices by purchasing Chinese imports. America and China are not the only countries with giant automobile industries; Germany, Japan, and South Korea also operate in this manufacturing niche. Seeing as Chinese manipulation and policies affect America so, it can be assumed that the other three c ountries and their balance of payments should be affected similarly, but that is not the case. In fact, Germany, Japan, and South Korea have trade surpluses with China as opposed to the heavy deficit that America has. This is because their governments have imposed laws and not operated on a completely blind free-trade practice with China, something America can take

Correct Weaknesses in Freeze-Times system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Correct Weaknesses in Freeze-Times system - Essay Example This escalates the potential of theft and concealment. Moreover, receiving transactions should not be generated without actually receiving goods accompanied with proper evidence of delivery. This is because goods may not be reported or reported inaccurately that may lead to misstated inventory. In addition, the ordering department should be independent from the accounting and operating departments that process data the responsibilities for requisitioning, purchasing, receiving should be clearly divided from those of invoice processing, accounts payable etc. This is because an employee can order inventory from a fake supplier and send payment to post office box rented by him. Hence, Rosa and Benita should take segregate duties and appoint specific individuals for each task. Moreover, periodic physical inventory count of merchandise should be conducted to determine if it corresponds with the amount recorded in the books. Not only should Rosa check receiving reports before making payments, but she should also cross-check it against price stated on vendor invoices. 1. It is the management that decides activities/transactions that require supervisory or other approval to be performed. Normally only expenditures beyond capital addition levels require management approval. 2. Segregation of duties of inventory purchaser and equipment purchaser is critical to protect equipment so that no one person controls everything. Additionally, this will often lead to errors in the financial statements by confusing purchasing inventory with equipment and vice-versa; hence, misstated financial statements. Law requires employees are to fill appropriate forms regarding receipt and responsibility over of equipment. Therefore, a specific person should authorize equipment purchases, correctly record new purchases and record changes in equipment in order to be held accountable. 4. Retired and